Background Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) have been linked to changes in the gut microbiome, but the exact nature of these alterations is not fully understood. This research seeks to explore the variations in both the diversity and composition of the gut microbiota in individuals diagnosed with NDDs. Methods We conducted a systematic literature search up to April 2025. Meta-analyses using STATA 16.0 evaluated alpha diversity, beta diversity, and relative abundance between individuals with NDDs and healthy controls. Results No significant alpha diversity differences were found between NDD and control groups. Beta diversity analysis revealed distinct microbial communities across autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and tic disorder (TD) subgroups. At the family level, NDDs showed increased Peptostreptococcaceae (SMD = 0.47; 95% CI: 0.05 to 0.90). Genus-level analysis demonstrated reduced Escherichia/Shigella (SMD = −0.39; 95% CI: −0.59 to −0.19) and Roseburia (SMD = −0.39; 95% CI: −0.78 to 0), alongside elevated Eubacterium (SMD = 0.33; 95% CI: 0.20–0.47) in NDDs. Conclusion This study highlights the complex changes in gut microbiota in NDDs, particularly significant differences at the beta diversity, family, and genus levels. However, the results are constrained by research heterogeneity and small sample sizes. To better elucidate these associations, larger, more standardized studies are required. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/ , CRD42024585913.
Abstract Despite a long-suspected role in the development of human colorectal cancer (CRC), the composition of gut microbiota in CRC patients has not been adequately described. ...
Summary This meta‐analysis aimed to evaluate the association between childhood and adolescent obesity and depression. We systematically searched PubMed, PsycInfo, EMBASE and Sci...
Purpose This systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to assess the efficacy and tolerability of chemotherapy in patients with advanced gastric cancer. Methods Randomi...
Background and aims Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder that may be triggered by enteric pathogens and has also been linked to altera...
To evaluate whether zinc levels in serum, plasma, and cerebrospinal fluid are altered in Alzheimer's disease (AD), we performed meta-analyses of 27 studies on the topic publishe...
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