Abstract

Investigations describing the utilization pattern and documenting the value of intensive care are limited by the lack of a reliable and valid classification system. In this paper, the authors describe the development and initial validation of acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE), a physiologically based classification system for measuring severity of illness in groups of critically ill patients. APACHE uses information available in the medical record. In studies on 582 admissions to a university hospital ICU and 223 admissions to a community hospital ICU, APACHE was reliable in classifying ICU admissions. In validation studies involving these 805 admissions, the acute physiology score of APACHE demonstrated consistent agreement with subsequent therapeutic effort and mortality. This was true for a broad range of patient groups using a variety of sensitivity analyses. After successful completion of multi-institutional validation studies, the APACHE classification system could be used to control for case mix, compare outcomes, evaluate new therapies, and study the utilization of ICUs.

Keywords

MedicineAPACHE IIIntensive care medicineCritically illIntensive careCritical illnessEmergency medicineIntensive care unit

MeSH Terms

Critical CareHealth Status IndicatorsHealth SurveysHospitalizationHumans

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Publication Info

Year
1981
Type
article
Volume
9
Issue
8
Pages
591-597
Citations
2170
Access
Closed

Social Impact

Social media, news, blog, policy document mentions

Citation Metrics

2170
OpenAlex
69
Influential
1542
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Cite This

William A. Knaus, Jack E. Zimmerman, Douglas P. Wagner et al. (1981). APACHE—acute physiology and chronic health evaluation: a physiologically based classification system. Critical Care Medicine , 9 (8) , 591-597. https://doi.org/10.1097/00003246-198108000-00008

Identifiers

DOI
10.1097/00003246-198108000-00008
PMID
7261642

Data Quality

Data completeness: 81%