Gaia is the next space-astrometry mission of the European Space Agency, following up on the success of the Hipparcos mission. With a focal plane containing more than 100 large-area CCD detectors, Gaia will survey the sky and repeatedly observe the brightest 1,000 million (one billion) objects, down to 20th magnitude, during its 5-year nominal lifetime. Gaia's science data will comprise absolute astrometry, broad-band photometry, and low-resolution spectro-photometry. Medium-resolution spectroscopic data (resolving power 11,500) will be obtained for the brightest 150 million sources, down to 17th magnitude. The extreme thermo-mechanical stability of the spacecraft, combined with the selection of the L2 Lissajous point of the Sun-Earth/Moon system for operations, allows stellar parallaxes (distances) to be measured with standard errors less than 10 micro-arcsecond (μas) for stars brighter than 13th magnitude, 20-30 μas for stars at 15th magnitude, and around 300 μas at magnitude 20. Photometric standard errors are in the milli-magnitude regime. The spectroscopic data will allow the measurement of radial velocities with errors at the level of 15 km s-1 at magnitude 17. Gaia's primary science goal is to unravel the kinematical, dynamical, and chemical structure and evolution of the Milky Way. In addition, Gaia's data will touch many other areas of research, for instance stellar physics, solar-system bodies, fundamental physics, and exo-planets. The Gaia spacecraft is currently undergoing its critical design review (CDR). With a launch foreseen in the second half of 2012, the final catalogue is expected in 2020. The science community in Europe, organized in the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC), is responsible for the processing of the Gaia data. This formidable task is in full preparation. The calibration of the data presents exciting challenges, in particular in the area of radiation-damage-induced charge-transfer inefficiency (CTI).
Context. We present the second Gaia data release, Gaia DR2, consisting of astrometry, photometry, radial velocities, and information on astrophysical parameters and variability,...
Context. We present the early installment of the third Gaia data release, Gaia EDR3, consisting of astrometry and photometry for 1.8 billion sources brighter than magnitude 21, ...
The Gaia satellite will survey the entire celestial sphere down to 20th magnitude, obtaining astrometry, photometry, and low resolution spectrophotometry on one billion astronom...
Context. At about 1000 days after the launch of Gaia we present the first Gaia data release, Gaia DR1, consisting of astrometry and photometry for over 1 billion sources brighte...
Gaia Data Release 1 (Gaia DR1) contains astrometric results for more than 1 billion stars brighter than magnitude 20.7 based on observations collected by the Gaia satellite duri...
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