Abstract

Although it was thought that apoptotic cells, when rapidly phagocytosed, underwent a silent death that did not trigger an immune response, in recent years a new concept of immunogenic cell death (ICD) has emerged. The immunogenic characteristics of ICD are mainly mediated by damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), which include surface-exposed calreticulin (CRT), secreted ATP and released high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1). Most DAMPs can be recognized by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). In this Review, we discuss the role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in regulating the immunogenicity of dying cancer cells and the effect of therapy-resistant cancer microevolution on ICD.

Keywords

CalreticulinImmunogenic cell deathImmunogenicityEndoplasmic reticulumProgrammed cell deathHMGB1Cancer cellUnfolded protein responseImmune systemCancerApoptosisBiologyImmunologyCancer researchCell biologyImmunotherapyInflammation

MeSH Terms

Adenosine TriphosphateAnimalsAntineoplastic AgentsCalreticulinCell DeathEndoplasmic ReticulumHMGB1 ProteinHumansNeoplasmsPhagocytosisReactive Oxygen Species

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Publication Info

Year
2012
Type
review
Volume
12
Issue
12
Pages
860-875
Citations
2880
Access
Closed

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Cite This

Dmitri V. Krysko, Abhishek D. Garg, Agnieszka Kaczmarek et al. (2012). Immunogenic cell death and DAMPs in cancer therapy. Nature reviews. Cancer , 12 (12) , 860-875. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrc3380

Identifiers

DOI
10.1038/nrc3380
PMID
23151605

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Data completeness: 81%