Mixed Methods Research: Applications and Considerations for the Human Dimensions of Recreational Fisheries

Abstract

Abstract Mixed methods research combines qualitative and quantitative inquiry to understand complex problems. The human dimensions of recreational fisheries can benefit from mixed methods, given that they allow for generalizable claims about fisher behaviour while also providing rich information on individuals’ experiences in the outdoors. In this chapter, we provide an overview of mixed methods, including guidelines for study design and applications for recreational-fisheries research. We begin by orienting mixed methods within scientific paradigms and explain the relevance of mixed methods in the context of interdisciplinary, multidisciplinary, and transdisciplinary research. We then offer guidance on how to select appropriate mixed methods designs (complementary, exploratory, and explanatory) and navigate their strengths and weaknesses. Finally, we present different methodologies and case examples from recreational fisheries research to learn from findings that have emerged from the combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, including mental maps, behavioural observations, participatory methods, focus groups, interviews, discourse analysis, and social network analysis. Corresponding with an increasing need for social science research in recreational-fisheries management and the importance of transformative outcomes, we contend that mixed methods research will become more widely used. This chapter, therefore, provides the overview needed for emerging recreational fisheries scientists to effectively implement mixed methods research.

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