▪ Abstract When plants are exposed to light intensities in excess of those that can be utilized in photosynthetic electron transport, nonphotochemical dissipation of excitation energy is induced as a mechanism for photoprotection of photosystem II. The features of this process are reviewed, particularly with respect to the molecular mechanisms involved. It is shown how the dynamic properties of the proteins and pigments of the chlorophyll a/b light-harvesting complexes of photosystem II first enable the level of excitation energy to be sensed via the thylakoid proton gradient and subsequently allow excess energy to be dissipated as heat by formation of a nonphotochemical quencher. The nature of this quencher is discussed, together with a consideration of how the variation in capacity for energy dissipation depends on specific features of the composition of the light-harvesting system. Finally, the prospects for future progress in understanding the regulation of light harvesting are assessed.
1. In intact leaves of Elodea densa illumination resulted in a large increase in the levels of chloroplastic and cytoplasmic ATP and a decrease in chloroplastic and cytoplasmic ...
Evidence for photoinduced electron transfer from the excited state of a conducting polymer onto buckminsterfullerene, C 60 , is reported. After photo-excitation of the conjugate...
Instead of expressing the total energy of an interacting electron system as a functional of the one-particle density as in the Hohenberg-Kohn-Sham theory, we use a conventional ...
The aim of this paper is to advocate the usefulness of the spin-density-functional (SDF) formalism. The generalization of the Hohenberg-Kohn-Sham scheme to and SDF formalism is ...
From headwaters to mouth, the physical variables within a river system present a continuous gradient of physical conditions. This gradient should elicit a series of responses wi...
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