Abstract
A new model of immediate serial recall is presented: the primacy model. The primacy model stores order information by means of the assumption that the strength of activation of successive list items decreases across list position to form a primacy gradient. Ordered recall is supported by a repeated cycle of operations involving a noisy choice of the most active item followed by suppression of the chosen item. Word-length and list-length effects are attributed to a decay process that occurs both during input, when effective rehearsal is prevented, and during output. The phonological similarity effect is attributed to a second stage of processing at which phonological confusions occur. The primacy model produces accurate simulations of the effects of word length, list length, and phonological similarity.
Keywords
RecallSerial position effectSimilarity (geometry)Cognitive psychologyBaddeley's model of working memoryPsychologyFree recallNatural language processingWord (group theory)Word lengthComputer scienceLinguisticsSpeech recognitionArtificial intelligenceCognitionShort-term memoryWorking memory
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Publication Info
- Year
- 1998
- Type
- article
- Volume
- 105
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 761-781
- Citations
- 766
- Access
- Closed
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Cite This
Michael P. A. Page,
Dennis Norris
(1998).
The primacy model: A new model of immediate serial recall..
Psychological Review
, 105
(4)
, 761-781.
https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295x.105.4.761-781
Identifiers
- DOI
- 10.1037/0033-295x.105.4.761-781