TSO: Neutrino Flavor Oscillations Without Mass Mixing in a Time--Space Oscillation Framework

Abstract

Neutrino flavor oscillations are typically explained through mass eigenstate mixing in the Pontecorvo–Maki–Nakagawa–Sakata (PMNS) framework. In this work, we introduce an alternative, mathematically consistent approach in which neutrinos are described as intrinsic time–space oscillatory (TSO) modes. In this view, flavor corresponds to a geometric phase of the internal TSO state, and oscillations arise from coherent frequency beating. Apparent mass differences emerge from interaction-induced Fourier decomposition rather than intrinsic mass eigenstates. This framework reproduces standard oscillation lengths and transition probabilities without assuming neutrino masses or explicit PMNS mixing, offering a new perspective on the origin of neutrino flavor dynamics. For readers new to the Time–Space Oscillation framework, a structured overview of the four foundational TSO conceptual papers is available in “Time Space Oscillations. Introduction papers” (Zenodo DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1767154). This companion document summarises the core principles of TSO —TSO concept, Time dilation and Gravity equivalence, TSO & EM, TSO & QM—and provides direct links to the full manuscripts. It serves as the recommended starting point for understanding how the present photon model fits into the broader TSO structure.

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