An Analysis of Transformations
Summary In the analysis of data it is often assumed that observations y 1, y 2, …, yn are independently normally distributed with constant variance and with expectations specifi...
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VI. The phenomena of rupture and flow in solids
In the course of an investigation of the effect of surface scratches on the mechanical strength of solids, some general conclusions were reached which appear to have a direct be...
Cross-Validatory Choice and Assessment of Statistical Predictions
Summary A generalized form of the cross-validation criterion is applied to the choice and assessment of prediction using the data-analytic concept of a prescription. The example...
Stellar population synthesis at the resolution of 2003
We present a new model for computing the spectral evolution of stellar populations at ages between 100,000 yr and 20 Gyr at a resolution of 3 A across the whole wavelength range...
Focal Loss for Dense Object Detection
The highest accuracy object detectors to date are based on a two-stage approach popularized by R-CNN, where a classifier is applied to a sparse set of candidate object locations...
Quantal phase factors accompanying adiabatic changes
A quantal system in an eigenstate, slowly transported round a circuit C by varying parameters R in its Hamiltonian Ĥ(R), will acquire a geometrical phase factor exp{iγ(C)} in ad...
Principal component analysis: a review and recent developments
Large datasets are increasingly common and are often difficult to interpret. Principal component analysis (PCA) is a technique for reducing the dimensionality of such datasets, ...