La Jolla Institute for Immunology

Mitochondria and Apoptosis

REVIEW A variety of key events in apoptosis focus on mitochondria, including the release of caspase activators (such as cytochrome c), changes in electron transport, loss of mit...

Understanding the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) for effective therapy

The clinical successes in immunotherapy have been both astounding and at the same time unsatisfactory. Countless patients with varied tumor types have seen pronounced clinical r...

Tracking Changes in SARS-CoV-2 Spike: Evidence that D614G Increases Infectivity of the COVID-19 Virus

Targets of T Cell Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus in Humans with COVID-19 Disease and Unexposed Individuals

Mitochondrial cytochrome c release in apoptosis occurs upstream of DEVD-specific caspase activation and independently of mitochondrial transmembrane depolarization

Mitochondrial cytochrome c, which functions as an electron carrier in the respiratory chain, translocates to the cytosol in cells undergoing apoptosis, where it participates in ...

Toll-like receptors 9 and 3 as essential components of innate immune defense against mouse cytomegalovirus infection

Several subsets of dendritic cells have been shown to produce type I IFN in response to viral infections, thereby assisting the natural killer cell-dependent response that elimi...

The E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Itch Couples JNK Activation to TNFα-induced Cell Death by Inducing c-FLIPL Turnover

Cell-free apoptosis in Xenopus egg extracts: Inhibition by Bcl-2 and requirement for an organelle fraction enriched in mitochondria

Apoptotic cell death involves a ritual series of morphological changes, presumably reflecting a conserved molecular pathway. We now report that the nuclear events typical of apo...

Apoptosis Induction by Caspase-8 Is Amplified through the Mitochondrial Release of Cytochrome c

Apoptosis often involves the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria, leading to caspase activation. However, in apoptosis mediated by CD95 (Fas/APO-1), caspase-8 (FLICE/MACH/...

Influenza Research Database: An integrated bioinformatics resource for influenza virus research

The Influenza Research Database (IRD) is a U.S. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)-sponsored Bioinformatics Resource Center dedicated to providing bio...