Exploring Microbial Diversity Using 16S rRNA High-Throughput Methods

Abstract

As a result of advancements in high-throughput technology, the sequencing of the pioneering 16S rRNA gene marker is gradually shedding light on the taxonomic characterization of the spectacular microbial diversity that inhabits the earth.16S rRNA-based investigations of microbial environmental niches are currently conducted using several technologies, including large-scale clonal Sanger sequencing, oligonucleotide microarrays, and, particularly, 454 pyrosequencing that targets specific regions or is linked to barcoding strategies.Interestingly, the short read length produced by next-generation sequencing technology has led to new computational efforts in the taxonomic sequence assignment process.From a medical perspective, the characterization of the microbial composition of the skin surface, oral cavity, and gut in both healthy and diseased people enables a comparison of microbial community profiles and also contributes to the understanding of the potential impact of a particular microbial community.

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Affiliated Institutions

• Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique FR
• Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes FR
• Institut de Neurobiologie de la Méditerranée FR
• Institut de Recherche pour le Développement FR

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