Abstract

Longer and stronger; stiff but not brittle Hydrogels are highly water-swollen, cross-linked polymers. Although they can be highly deformed, they tend to be weak, and methods to strengthen or toughen them tend to reduce stretchability. Two papers now report strategies to create tough but deformable hydrogels (see the Perspective by Bosnjak and Silberstein). Wang et al . introduced a toughening mechanism by storing releasable extra chain length in the stiff part of a double-network hydrogel. A high applied force triggered the opening of cycling strands that were only activated at high chain extension. Kim et al . synthesized acrylamide gels in which dense entanglements could be achieved by using unusually low amounts of water, cross-linker, and initiator during the synthesis. This approach improves the mechanical strength in solid form while also improving the wear resistance once swollen as a hydrogel. —MSL

Keywords

PolymerMaterials scienceComposite materialHysteresisDeformation (meteorology)Fracture (geology)ElastomerToughnessTougheningPhysicsCondensed matter physics

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Publication Info

Year
2021
Type
article
Volume
374
Issue
6564
Pages
212-216
Citations
1042
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Junsoo Kim, Guogao Zhang, Meixuanzi Shi et al. (2021). Fracture, fatigue, and friction of polymers in which entanglements greatly outnumber cross-links. Science , 374 (6564) , 212-216. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abg6320

Identifiers

DOI
10.1126/science.abg6320