International Expert Consensus Document on Takotsubo Syndrome (Part I): Clinical Characteristics, Diagnostic Criteria, and Pathophysiology

Abstract

Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) is a poorly recognized heart disease that was initially regarded as a benign condition. Recently, it has been shown that TTS may be associated with severe clinical complications including death and that its prevalence is probably underestimated. Since current guidelines on TTS are lacking, it appears timely and important to provide an expert consensus statement on TTS. The clinical expert consensus document part I summarizes the current state of knowledge on clinical presentation and characteristics of TTS and agrees on controversies surrounding TTS such as nomenclature, different TTS types, role of coronary artery disease, and etiology. This consensus also proposes new diagnostic criteria based on current knowledge to improve diagnostic accuracy.

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Affiliated Institutions

• KU Leuven BE
• University of Gothenburg SE
• Harefield Hospital GB
• Ospedali Riuniti San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona IT
• Johns Hopkins Medicine US
• University of Zurich CH
• St. Marianna University School of Medicine JP
• University of Padua IT
• NIHR Royal Brompton Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit GB
• Leiden University Medical Center NL
• Yokohama City University Medical Center JP
• Hiroshima University JP
• Basil Hetzel Institute AU
• Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation US
• Centre Hospitalier Compiègne-Noyon FR
• Universitätsklinikum Gießen und Marburg DE
• Royal Brompton Hospital GB
• Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore IT
• Karolinska University Hospital SE
• The University of Adelaide AU
• University Hospital of Zurich CH
• Hiroshima City Asa Citizens Hospital JP
• Yokohama City University JP
• Sahlgrenska University Hospital SE
• University of Lübeck DE
• University of Florida US
• Imperial College London GB
• Johns Hopkins University US
• Tohoku University JP
• Mayo Clinic in Arizona US
• Wakayama Medical University JP
• Queen Elizabeth Hospital AU
• University of Ferrara IT

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